剑桥真题例句:

1. It has become clearthat blind people can appreciate the use of outlines and perspectives to describe the arrangement of objectsand other surfaces in space.(C4P27L1)

分析：to describe是动词不定式，表示目的，也就是说盲人能够领会如何利用素描和透视来描述物体的排列以及空间中的其他表面。

2. To search out these answers, I createdraised-line drawings of five different wheels, depicting spokes with lines thatcurved, bent, waved…(C4P27L21)

分析：to do是动词不定式，表示目的，也就是说我为了找到问题的答案，然后做了后面的那些行为。

3. Those surveyed had experienced chronicillness, for which orthodox medicine had been able to provide littlerelief.(C4P47L12)

分析：surveyed是分词形式，表示被动，可当作形容词来用，来修饰前面的名词those，表示那些人是被调查的人。这句话的动词是had experienced，surveyed不是动词，一句话不能同时出现两个动词。

4. It is critical forall loans to be linked to trainingprograms that include the development of basic business and lifeskills.(C4P66L30)

分析：常用词组be critical for sb to do表示对某人来说做某事很重要，be linked to sth表示与某事有联系。并不是所有的to后面都接动词do，有时会接名词形式，这是to sth就变成了介宾结构。通常在记忆非谓语动词的用法时，我们习惯运用词组来记忆。

5 .Whenever an apparentlymundane problem was solved, such as building a system that could land anaircraft unattended, the problem was deemed not to have been AI in the first place.(C5P72L6)

分析：solved在句子中不是动词过去时，动词过去时也属于动词，两个动词不可能同时使用，前面was是动词，所以solved是过去分词，过去分词不属于动词，表示被动，相当于是一个形容词。building是动名词形式，相当于一个名词，通常用于短语中，短语不是句子，因此不需要使用谓语动词。havebeen乍看上去是现在完成时，是动词，但前面有to，其实相当于变成了动词不定式，所以不是动词哦。

6. Local concern aboutthe rising number of second homedevelopments in the Swiss Pays d’Enhaut resulted in limits being imposed on their growth.(C5P87L17)

分析：rising是动名词形式，动名词只有个be动词连起来才是表示进行时，光是一个动名词本身相当于表示不断进行意思的形容词，所以rising表示不断增长的。这句话主干部分是local concern resulted in sth，resulted在这里我们也看不出被动的意思，因此可以判断不是过去分词，而是动词过去时，limits being imposed on their own这个整体相当于主干部分中的sth，因此不能用动词，要用非谓语动词，既要体现名词，又要体现被动，就可以用being done的形式。

7. Having determined the main transport needs, possible solutionswere identified which might reduce the time and burden.(C7P49L24)

分析：having done这个非谓语动词表示这个动作是先于整句话里的谓语动词前发生的，所以表示先决定，然后再做句子里谓语动词的动作。were identified是整个句子里真正的动词，might是情态动词，情态动词必须要和动词连在一起使用，所以后面的reduce是动词，但是是which引导的从句里的动词。

8. And that is whatresearchers do seem to be finding.(C8P27L20.)

分析：整句话是that is sth的主系表结构，what researchersdo seem to be finding是表语从句，do seem是表语从句中的动词，do放在动词前表示强调，to be finding表示有待被发现，do to表示动作还没做，将来要去做。

9. Until thisdiscovery, the Iynx-a large spotted cat with tasselled ears-was presumed to have died out in Britain at least6,000 years ago, before the inhabitants of these islands took up farming.(C12P83L9)

分析：have died out看上去像是现在完成时，但是前面有to，因此其实是to do的结构，不是谓语动词，farming是动名词，可以直接记住这个结构：take up doing，表示开始做某事。

10. All Europeanforests are artificial, having beenadapted and exploited by man for thousands of years.(C7P74L33）

分析：having been done是havingdone的被动语态，having done表示这个动作在整句话的谓语动词前面发生，因此整句话意思是先被人改变和剥削了千年之久。

11. I’m glad to have been given a chance to visityour country, which has really given me a wonderful impression.(由于剑桥和九分达人里没有，我们引用了《优等生高中语法训练》中的句子。)

分析：to have been done实际是tohave done的被动语态。首先整体结构是to do的形式，经常跟固定短语搭配连在一起使用，只不过这个do被扩充成have been done的形式，表示已经发生过，且是被动。这句话的意思是：我很高兴被给一个机会拜访你的国家。首先beglad to do固定短语搭配，接着已经发生过，用have done，而且是被给机会，所以用被动，have been done。