在SAT考试中，常会涉及一些容易混淆的词，有时候一两个字母的差异也会使意思大相径庭。下面澎博英语的老师们为同学们做个词汇辨析，供大家参考。　

1. antipathy vs. apathy

antipathy: strong or deep dislike 反感;厌恶;憎恶 E.g. He showed a marked antipathy to foreigners.

apathy: lack of interest; indifference 缺乏兴趣;漠不关心 E.g. My parents do not feel apathy about the election.

这一组词大家可以用词根词缀发来区别，path-作为词根是“情感”的意思，anti-作为前缀是“相反，对抗”，而a-是“不、无、非”的意思，相关单词有sympathy, empathy等。

2. derive—derivative vs.deride—derisive

derive: originate from sth; get sth from sth 源自，源于;得到获取 E.g. Thousands of English words derive from Latin.

deride: mock sb/sth 嘲笑，嘲弄 E.g. They derided his effort as childish.

derisive这个单词出现在阅读中经常被当做是derive的形容词性理解，其实是deride的形容词，意思为“嘲笑的，嘲弄的”，例如derisive laughter。

3.exhausted vs. exhaustive

exhausted: very tired 精疲力尽的 E.g. After a ten-mile hike, everybody is exhausted.

exhaustive: very thorough; complete 详尽的;彻底的 E.g. Police make an exhaustive research.

4. imprudent vs. impudent

imprudent: not wise or discreet不智的;不谨慎的;轻率的 E.g. It would be imprudent (of you) to resign from your present jobbefore you are offered another.

impudent: very rude and disrespectful 粗鲁的;放肆的;无礼的;不尊重的 E.g. Tom is an impudent child who never listens to his parents.

在记这组词之前，最好先记住prudent这个单词，它本身就是“谨慎的，审慎的”意思，在其加上im-这个表否定含义的前缀，意思就很容易得出了。

5. intelligent vs. intelligible

intelligent: smart, educated 聪明的，智能的，智力的

intelligible: that can be (easily) understood 可(易)理解的 E.g. That’s totally a muddled explanation which was scarcely intelligible.

6. impassive vs. impassioned

impassive: showing no sign of feeling 无表情的，无动于衷的 E.g. The accused sat impassively as the judge sentenced him to ten years in prison.

impassioned: showing strong deep feeling 充满激情的;热烈的 E.g. He made an impassioned plea for mercy.

这一组词里面含有pass-表“情感”含义的词根，im-表“不无、非”，所以impassive就是“无表情的，无动于衷的”意思。而后者中含有的“passion”其本身就是“激情，热情”的意思。

7. indigent vs. indigenous

indigent : poor 贫穷

indigenous: native 土生土长的，当地的 E.g. Kangaroos are indigenous to Australia.

8. presumptive vs. presumptuous

presumptive: based on reasonable belief; probable基于合理之推测的;可能的

E.g. It is absurd that he was sentenced to death based on presumptiveevidence.

presumptuous: too bold or self-confident 胆大妄为的，专横的

E.g. Would it be presumptuous of me to ask you to contribute?

9. ingenious vs. ingenuous

ingenious: (of a person) clever at finding new or simple solutions for complex problems; original in design(指人)善于用新的或简单的方法解决复杂问题的;设计独特精巧的

E.g. So you fitted that wire through that little hole there: that's very in genious!

ingenuous: open, innocent 坦率的，不隐瞒的，天真的 E.g. That kid gives me an ingenuous smile.

这一组词，可以利用另外两个单词帮助记忆：genius和genuine。前者意思为“天才”后者意思为“真的，真诚的，非人造的”。ingenious从发音和词形上与genius相近，而ingenuous 和genuine 相近。

以上就是SAT容易混淆的词汇辨析。同学们在备考SAT时一定要记清这些词的用法，在考试中仔细辨别。希望这篇文章对大家有帮助。

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