上期文章我们讲解了定语从句中连词的使用，本期文章继续。在定语从句中，有省略连词这种语法现象。

定语从句中，当连词在从句中作宾语时，往往是可以省略，如：

This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.

I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.

在定语从句中，连词又分为关系代词和关系副词，而只有关系代词才在从句中充当宾语，所以原则上，只有关系代词（相关内容请见上期文章）做宾语时，才可省略关系代词，但有些情况下，关系副词也可省略：

用作时间状语的关系副词when通常不能省略，但有一种特殊情况，即用于day, year, time等少数几个词后时，关系副词when则可省略，如：

That was the year (when) I first went abroad.

I don't know the exact time (when) the sports meeting will takeplace.

用作地点状语的关系副词where通常也不能省略，但有一种特殊情况，即用于place, somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere少数几个词后时，关系副词where则可省略，如：

The place (where) we will have our picnic is not decided yet.

还有一种省略应特别关注，即先行词的省略：

定语从句中可以省略先行词，但只限以下情况：在this/that/it+be动词这种结构后面，可省略先行词the time, the place, the reason, 直接跟when, where, why这些连词. 如：

That was (the time) when he lived there.

It is (the place) where that rock festival is held every year.

That’s (the reason) why he spoke.

注意：关于从句中连词的省略（宾语从句及定语从句），并非是必要的，即在语法正确的前提下，必须省略从句中的连词，所以为了避免不必要的错误，在考试时，不要随意省略从句中的连词。

在定语从句中，我们还经常会遇到一种语法现象——that替代which，who，whom，where，when，why（注意：that在任何情况下，都不能替代whose）在句子中充当连词。

在绝大部分情况下，that可以替换定语从句中的关系代词which，who，whom，如：

但在这3种情况下，只能用which：

1.介词前置时：

This is the place in which I grew up.

2.非限定性定语从句中（下篇文章将详解何为限定性/非限定性定语从句）：

The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.

3.先行词本身是that。

I like that which belongs to her.

在以下2种情况下，多用who：

1.先行词为anyone，one，ones时：

She dislikes anyone who is messy.

2.先行词为those，he和people时：

We love those who are kind.

that有时也可以替代关系副词，即当that用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后时，则可取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"（相关内容请见上期文章），且在口语中，此种

情况下的that也可被省略，如：

His father died the year (that/when/in which) he was born.

He is unlikely to find the place (that/where/in which) he livedforty years ago.

而以下6种情况，则只能用that：

1.不定代词anything, nothing, everything, all, much, few, any, little为先行词时：

Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to thepolice.

2.先行词为 the only, the very, the just时：

He is the very man that helped the girl out of the water.

3.先行词为序数词、数词、形容词或最高级时：

The first English book that I read was "The Prince and thePauper" by Mark Twain.

4.先行词既有人又有物时：

He talked about the teachers and school that he visited.

5.当主句是以who或which开始的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复用that；

Who is the person that is standing at the gate?

6.关系代词作表语时；

He is not the man that he used to be.

注意：定语从句连词的使用非常复杂，一定要多加注意：

1.区分关系代词和关系副词；

2.不要轻易省略连词；

3.that的使用：

that不能替换whose；大多数情况下，that可以替换which和who/whom；特定情况下，that可以替换where，when和why；

何时只能用that，何时只能用which，何时倾向于用who。