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想要托福阅读27?这个技巧一定要掌握!(2)

# 阅读 # 应试技巧 # 学习方法

发布时间:2019-12-27 苏州朗阁

事实信息题是托福阅读的主流题型 是所有题型中占比最重的一个题型 对于事实信息题来说,托福考生可以从题目出发 找到关键词,定位文章,找到关键句,然后再进行同义转换 今天,我们一起拆解TPO真题 了解除了通过题目的核心词以外, 还有哪些其他的定位技巧
// 题目里关键词是原文的同义转换

去看TPO时发现,有一些事实信息题题目里关键词已经是文章原词的同义转换。

Paragraph 6: 
All this applies, of course, only toan adult leatherback. Hatchlingsare simply too small to conserve body heat, even with insulationand countercurrent exchange systems. We do not know how old, or how large, a leatherback has to be before it canswitch from a cold-blooded to a warm-blooded mode of life. Leatherbacks reach theirimmense size in a much shorter time than it takes other sea turtles to grow. Perhapstheir rush to adulthood is driven by a simple need to keep warm.

题目:
According to paragraph 6, which of the following statements is most accurate about young leatherback turtles?

A. They lack the countercurrent exchange systems that develop in adulthood.
B. Their rate of growth is slower than that of other sea turtles.
C. They lose heat easilyeven with insulationand countercurrent exchange systems.
D. They switch between cold-blooded and warm-blooded modes throughout their hatchling stage.

---题目解析:
题目里的关键词应该是“young leatherback turtle”,但是回归文章的时候并没有找到。但是“hatchings”(刚孵化的小动物),是跟它相对应的。Hatchings所在的句子是说,刚刚孵化的太小以至于不能去储存热量,即使他们有绝对层跟逆流交换系统。所以同义转换应该是C。

//因果关系的逻辑词 

如果是针对事实信息题why 开头的题目,也就是问因果,那么要注意段落里表示因果的逻辑词。

托福阅读里经常出现表示结果的词:
therefore/thereby/thus/accordingly/consequently/hence
表示原因的词:because/as/blame A for B/account for/due to等 

Many millions of years after ferns evolved (but long beforethe Hawaiian Islands were born from the sea), another kind of flora evolved on Earth:the seed-bearing plants. This was a wonderful biological invention. The seed hasan outer coating that surrounds the genetic material of the new plant, and insidethis covering is a concentrated supply of nutrients. Thus the seed’s chances of survival aregreatly enhanced over those of the naked spore. One type of seed-bearing plant, the angiosperm, includes all forms of bloomingvegetation. In the angiosperm the seeds are wrapped in an additional layer of covering.Some of these coats are hard-like the shell of a nut-for extra protection. Someare soft and tempting, like tempting, like a peach or a cherry. In some angiosperms,the seeds are equipped with gossamer wings, like the dandelion and milkweed seeds.These new characteristics offered better ways for the seed to move to new habitats.They could travel through the air, float in water, and lie dormant for many months.

题 目:
According to paragraph 4, why do seeds have a greater chance of survival than spores do?To receive credit, you must select TWO answer choices.

A. Seeds need less water to grow into a mature plant thanspores do.
B. Seeds do not need to rely on outside sources of nutrients.
C. Seeds are better protected from environmental dangers thanspores are.
D. Seeds are heavier than spores and are therefore more likelyto take root and grow.

---题目解析:
题目问为什么种子植物的存活率比孢子植物要高。段落里出现了“thus”因果逻辑词。那么原因应该在逻辑词的前面。前面说了两个原因:
1)种子植物有外层;
2)里面这个覆盖物有浓缩的营养。

所以同义转换应该对应的是B/C.如果段落里有出现表示因果的逻辑词,注意考点的出现。

当然,难度更高的题目不会出现非常明显的逻辑词,这就需要我们能看懂句意、看出前后句的逻辑关系的。所以在平时练习过程中,我们还是要不断提升对句子的理解能力。

事实信息题的答案一定是段落里一到两句话的同义转换,换言之,事实信息题答案一定要基于文章事实。如果只是凭着对段落的印象而来选择答案,风险性是非常大的。



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