雅思考试的基础其实就是存在于词汇和语法两个主要层面，那么如何提高词汇和语法呢？超级学长的老师设计了一个词汇和语法的课程纲要，把雅思阅读中的句型摘出，并且配合了在雅思写作中可以运用到的观点句，实现了从阅读到写作和口语输出环节的无缝对接！

一．基本句型

1.主谓（Vi.）

例句：

Pornography has developed alongside technology.

After the abolition of the death penalty in 1976, Canada’s homicide rate has declined.

阅读：

The number of starving people in the world has increased in recent years.

Wilderness tourism operates throughout the year in fragile areas. 

To achieve the benefits of recycling, the community must also contribute.

No university bus services will operate through the area between Little and Denning Streets.

2.主谓（Vt.）宾（双宾/宾补）

2.1主谓宾

例句：

Media violence can affect children’s health.

Gambling breeds crimes and destruction.

The installation of cameras in public places deters would-be criminals.

Drug addiction and gambling induce crime.

Extensive viewing of television violence by children causes greater aggressiveness.  

阅读：

Yet in 826, with only pegs and wedges to keep his wooden structure upright, the master builder Kobodaishi had no hesitation in sending his majestic Toji pagoda soaring fifty---five metres into the sky---nearly half as high as the Kasumigaseki skyscraper built some eleven centuries later.

2.2主谓宾（宾补）

A.当补语是形容词

例句：

Children’s inexperience and immaturity make them vulnerable to crimes.

Parental love and care can keep juvenile crimes low.

Youngsters may consider violence on TV reasonable.

School bullying makes students afraid of going to school.

阅读：

Melbourne’s large train network has made car use in the inner city much lower, but the outer suburbs have the same car-based structure as most other Australian cities.

B.当补语是名词

例句：

A lot of women consider luxury goods a life necessary.

Loose gun-control laws make the state an attractive places for criminals.

Educators call TV both good and bad information source.

C.当补语是不定式

例句：

The Internet enables users to access violence and pornography easily.

Gambling tempts people to dream of being rich instantly.

Parents always expect their children to be head and shoulders over others.

阅读：

All our subjects deemed the circle soft and square hard.

Reports of telepathic experiences had by people during meditation led parapsychologists to suspect that telepathy might involve 'signals' passing between people that were so faint that they were usually swamped by normal brain activity.

This causes the outer layer of the pane to contract and solidify before the interior.

Such a record will allow you to represent your linguistic credentials to academic institutions or potential employers around the world.

Membership entitles you to use the various facilities of the House.

2.3主谓宾（间接宾语/人+直接宾语/物）

Community service offers wrongdoers an opportunity to correct their misconduct.

Violent and pornographic scenes on mass media present children a bad example.

3.主系表

3.1主系名

例句：

Death penalty is a deterrent to violent crime.

Censorship is a controversial subject, as well as a popular topic of debate.

Poverty is one of the reasons for youngsters to skip school and commit crimes.

3.2主系形容词

例句：

Policemen with pistols seem inviolable.

The suggestion of community service sounds convincing and considerable.

二、综合练习

犯罪类话题词汇

三、句子翻译

1. 赌博合法化可以成为一项经济发展的策略。

（gambling legalization, economic development strategy）

2. 毒品合法化可以给全社会带来好处，例如更多的税收，更多就业机会。

(drug legalization, revenue, job opportunities)

3. 重罚不仅可以惩罚交通肇事者，还能规划和监督其他人的行为。

(heavy penalty, traffic violator, regulate, supervise)

4. 教育会对妇女造成正面影响，降低妇女犯罪率。

(exert positive influence on, female crime rate)

5. 如果罪犯被关进监狱，人们会觉得正义得到伸张。(put into jail, justice)