北木教育 > 雅思 > 雅思文章 > 2019年1月12日雅思阅读真题回忆及解析
发布时间:2019-01-15 西安思润培训中心
Passage 1
文章题材:说明文(人文实验)
文章题目:对于脸盲症的研究
文章难度:★★
文章内容:待补充
题型及数量:待补充
题目及答案:待补充
可参考真题:C13T1P2:Why being is stimulating-and useful,too
Passage 2
文章题材:说明文(自然科普)
文章题目:Mammoth kill (猛犸象)
文章难度:★★★
文章内容:
文章介绍了猛犸象在外观和生活习性等方面,与现代大象之间关系。并且比较了了三位科学家(John Alroy,Graham和MacPhee)对于猛犸象可能原因的猜想。
题型及数量:段落填空题7+人名匹配题6
题目及答案:
14. hunting
15. overkill model
16. disease
17. empirical evidence
18. climatic instability
19. geographical ranges
20. Younger Dryas event
21. A
22. B
23. A
24. B
25. B
26. C
可参考真题:C12T4P2:Bring back the big cats
考试原文
Mammoth Kill
Mammoth is any species of the extinct genus Mammuthus, proboscideans commonly equipped with long, curved tusks and, in northern species, a covering of long hair. They lived from the Pliocene epoch from around 5 million years ago, into the Holocene at about 4,500 years ago, and were members of the family Elephantidae, which contains, along with mammoths, the two genera of modern elephants and their ancestors.
A Like their modern relatives, mammoths were quite large. The largest known species reached heights in the region of 4m at the shoulder and weights up to 8 tonnes, while exceptionally large males may have exceeded 12 tonnes. However, most species of mammoth were only about as large as a modern Asian elephant. Both sexes boretusks. A first, small set appeared at about the age of six months and these were replaced at about 18 months by the permanent set. Growth of the permanent set was at a rate of about 1 to 6 inches per year. Based on studies of their close relatives, the modern elephants, mammoths probably had a gestation period of 22 months, resulting in a single calf being born. Their social structure was probably the same as that of African and Asian elephants, with females living in herds headed by a matriarch, whilst bulls lived solitary lives or formed loose groups after sexual maturity.
B MEXICO CITY-Although it's hard to imagine in this age of urban sprawl and automobiles. North America once belonged to mam moths, camels, ground sloths as large as cows, bear-size beavers and other formidable beasts. Some 11,000 years ago, however, these large bodied mammals and others-about 70 species in all-disappeared. Their demise coincided roughly with the arrival of humans in the New World and dramatic climatic change-factors that have inspired several theories about the die-off. Yet despite decades of scientific investigation, the exact cause remains a mystery. Now new findings offer support to one of these controversial hypotheses: that human hunting drove this megafaunal menagerie to extinction. The overkill model emerged in the 1960s, when it was put forth by Paul S. Martin of the University of Arizona. Since then, critics have charged that no evidence exists to support the idea that the first Americans hunted to the extent necessary to cause these extinctions. But at the annual meeting of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology in Mexico City last October, paleoecologist John Alroy of the University of California at Santa Barbara argued that, in fact, hunting-driven extinction is not only plausible, it was unavoidable. He has determined, using a computer simulation, that even a very modest amount of hunting would have wiped these animals out.
C Assuming an initial human population of 100 people that grew no more than 2 percent annually, Alroy determined that if each band of, say, 50 people killed 15 to 20 large mammals a year, humans could have eliminated the animal populations within I, 000 years. Large mammals in particular would have been vulnerable to the pressure because they have longer gestation periods than smaller mammals and their young require extended care.
Passage 3
文章题材:说明文(自然科普)
文章题目:失重
文章难度:★★★
文章内容:待补充
题型及数量:待补充
可参考真题:C9T2P2: Venus in transit