现在分词替换：

一、定语从句

在写作中，现在分词短语常常可以用来替换句中的定语从句，使句子结构更精简，形成多样化的句式。现在分词既可修饰人，也可修饰物，被修饰的成分可以是主语、宾语或其他名词性质的成分。

例如：

Thenumber of international students coming to western countries increased greatlyin recent years.

替换-The number of international students who came to western countries increased greatly in recent years。

Anew stadium coveringan area of 10 square kilometres will be built in the north of thecity.

替换-A new stadium which covers an area of 10 square kilometreswill be built in the north of the city。

就如以上这样现在分词作定语成分时，它所对应的定语从句的谓语可以是一个一般时态的动词。

有或者是这样：

Onecan hardly imagine the number of bacteria growing insidea refrigerator.

替换-One can hardly imagine the number of bacteria that are growing inside arefrigerator.

现在分词作定语成分时，它所对应的定语从句的谓语也可以是一个进行时态的动词

注意点

分词也不是绝对的可以替换。

例如:

The man who Tim is meeting for lunch is from Taiwan.

此句的定语从句who Tim is meeting for lunch不可用分词结构替换，即绝不能改成：The man Tim meeting for lunch is from Taiwan. 因为分词meeting的逻辑主语并不是定语从句先行词the man,而是Tim，所以这是完全错误的说法。

例如：

The issue that club members are being asked to vote on at tonight’s meeting is that of a fee increase.

绝不可改成：The issue club members being asked to vote on at tonight’s meeting is that of a fee increase.分词being asked的逻辑主语是club members,并不是定语从句先行词the issue。

在替换中表因果也是一个提分技巧，即当分词所指行为或事件引发了主句所指的事件或行为，可以替换定语从句。

例如：

The snow which fell overnight has caused traffic chaos.

替换-The snow falling overnight has caused traffic chaos.

这句话有先后，还表因果，但是也有不可的。

例如：

The snow which fell overnight has turned to ice.

这里就不能够用分词替换，因为这只表先后而没有表因果。

还有就是情态动词做谓语的定语从句，不可用分词替换。

例如:

There are a number of people who should be asked.

二、状语从句

现在分词的另一重要用法是充当状语，通常用以表示原因或时间。

1.表示原因：相当于一个原因状语从句

例如：

Staying up latelast night, he felt asleep in the meeting this morning.

替换-As hestayed up late last night, he felt asleep in themeeting this morning。

2.表示时间：相当于一个时间状语从句

例如：

While constructing the new residential area, the workers found anold tomb from the Ming Dynasty.

替换-Whilethey were constructing the new residential area, theworkers found an old tomb from the Ming Dynasty。

注意点

现在分词作状语，表示‘在做某事的过程中，发生了某事或做某事。’这时前面保留when，while等连词。

例如：

Knowing thegovernment's new environment protection policy, many high-techcompanies started developing products that are environmental-friendly.

替换-Whenthey know the government's new environment protection policy, many high-tech companies started developing products that areenvironmental-friendly。