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雅思英语语法 | 状语从句详解

# 语法 # 素材范文

发布时间:2018-09-30 南京青梦家教育

状语从句 (Adverbial Clause) 指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。 接下来,为你介绍几类最常见的状语从句。


时间状语从句

时间状语从句就是在复合句中表示主句动作发生时间的状语从句。


1. 用when引导:when表示“当……时候”。

Things were different when I was a child.  


2. 用while引导:while表示“当……时候”。

I went swimming while the others played tennis. 

While my mother is cooking, my father is reading newspaper.

注意:while 所引导的时间状语从句中谓语动词必须是持续性的,不能是短暂性的。


3. 用as引导:as表示“当……时候”“随着”。如:

We get wiser as we get old. 


随着生产工艺的改进(the process of production/ update),工厂的生产效率(productivity)也大大地提高了。

The factory’s productivity improves remarkably as the process of production is updated.


随着积累的经验越来越多(accumulate experience),这群年轻人能够更熟练地解决问题。(sophisticatedly adv.)

These young can solve problems more sophisticatedly as more and more experience is accumulated. 


4. 用before引导:before表示“在……之前”。如:

Turn off the lights before you go to bed. 

 

5. 用after引导:after表示“在……之后”。

I will tell you after they leave. 

 

6. 用until / till引导:until / till表示“直到……”。如:

I watched him until he disappeared in the distance.

She didn’t marry until she was over fifty. 

 

7. 用since引导:since表示“自从……以来”。

We have known each other since we were children. 我们从小认识。

 

8. 用as soon as引导:as soon as表示“一……就……”。

He started as soon as he received the news. 


表示“一……就……”这一意思的连词,除as soon as外,还可用the moment, the minute, the instant等。如:short-term  instant interest  即时利益  instant effect

The moment I saw him I knew there was no hope.  



原因状语从句

原因状语从句就是在复合句中表示主句动作发生原因的状语从句。


1. 用because引导:because是引导原因状语从句最常用的连词,其意为“因为”。

I bought the house simply because it was large.  

 

2. 用as引导:as也可以用于引导原因状语从句,意思是“由于”。

As he is ill, he can’t come to the meeting. 由于生病了,他不能来参加会议。

 

3. 用since引导:since引导原因状语从句时,意思是“既然”。

Since you ask, I will tell you.  

 

4. 用now that引导:now that引导原因状语从句的意思也是“既然”。如:

Now that you’re growing up, you must learn to stand on your own two feet.  



结果状语从句

结果状语从句就是在复合句中表示主句动作所导致结果的状语从句。


1. 用so that引导:so that引导结果状语从句时的意思是“结果”“所以”。

Write out this word ten times so that you learn how to spell it.  

 

2. 用so…that引导:so…that的意思是“如此……以至于……”,其中的 so 后接形容词或副词。如:

He was so angry that he couldn’t speak. 他气得话都说不出来。

 

3. 用such…that引导:such…that…的意思是“如此……以至于……”,其中的 such 后接名词(名词前通常有形容词修饰)。

He is such a clever boy that we all like him.  



目的状语从句

目的状语从句就是在复合句中表示主句动作发生目的的状语从句。


1. 用in order that引导:in order that的意思是“为了”。如:

He studied hard in order that he could pass the exam.  

该结构有时可与 in order to 转换。

He is working hard in order to pass the examination.=He is working hard in order that he can pass the examination.  

 

2. 用so that引导:so that此时的意思是“以便”。

She burned the letters so that her husband would never read them.

 

3. 用in case引导:in case此时的意思是“以防”“以备”。如:

It may rain; you’d better take an umbrella (just) in case it does.


Important positions in organization or companies should be open to the old or the young?

公司的重要岗位应对年长的人开放,他们比较谨慎(cautious / prudent),以免像年轻人那样冲突(impulsively)处事。

The senior / managerial positions should be open to the old because they are more cautious, in case they deal with problems / issues impulsively like the young. 



条件状语从句

条件状语从句就是在复合句中表示主句动作发生条件的状语从句。

 

1. 用if引导:if意为“如果”。如:

You can’t take photographs if the light is bad.

主将从现

If the problem is overlooked, it is likely to deteriorate. 

 

2. 用unless引导:unless的意思是“如果不”“除非”。

Unless you go at once you will be late.


除非费用是合理的,不然博物馆收费将会打击到游客的热情。(dampen the passion)  charge

Unless the price is reasonable, or / otherwise, charging by the museum dampens the passion of visitors.

 

3. 用as [so] long as引导:as [so] long as的意思是“如果”“只要”。

You may take my dictionary as long as you don’t keep it too long.  

As long as you love me

 

4. 用in case引导:in case用连词引导条件状语从句时,其意为“如果”“万一”。

In case I forget, please remind me about it.  

Sth remind sb of sth

This song reminds me of my childhood.

 

5. 条件状语从句的时态:当主句为将来时态或含有将来意义时,条件状语从句习惯上要用一般现在时表示将来意义,而不能直接使用将来时态。如:

不知道明天是否会下雨,但要是下雨的话,我就呆在家里。

I don’t know if it will rain tomorrow. But if it rains tomorrow, I’ll stay at home.


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