教师节刚过，我感觉我不仅把祝福送给了老师，还有我的知识,下周又有GRE考试，怎么过？莫慌莫慌，其实有一种题型只用你的小学数学,便能正确解答！！
在小学期间,我们都学过一个公式,即单位量*数量=总量.牢记这个公式,逻辑题一目了然.下面我们结合例题,一起来分析一下!
Aplant-based automobile fuel has just become available in Ternland. A car can be driven as far on a gallon of the new plant-based fuel as a car can be driven on a gallon of gasoline, but a gallon of the plant-based fuel both costs less and results in less pollution.Therefore, drivers in Ternland who switch to it will reduce the amount they spend on fuel in a year while causing less environmental damage.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument relies?
A.There is no expense associated with operating an automobile that is higher when the automobile uses the plant-based fuel than when it uses gasoline.
B.Automobiles that have been operated using the plant-based fuel can no longer be operated using regular gasoline.
C.The environmental damage attributable to automobiles is due almost entirely to the production and combustion of fuel automobiles use.
D.The advantages of the plant-based fuel over gasoline will not lead those who switch to the plant-based fuel to do more driving.
E.Most drivers in Ternland will switch from gasoline to the plant-basedfuel.
由题干得知:在T地有一种植物燃料.汽车用这种燃料和用汽油行驶距离一样,但是一加仑的植物燃料在成本和污染上要比汽油低.所以如果用植物燃料,全年花费的成本更低,且污染更少.
简化一下推理过程：因为一加仑的植物燃料成本低污染少,所以全年的污染和成本也低.
牢记我们在前面说过的,单位量*数量=总量,在这个题目中一加仑即为单位量,全年的花费和污染即为总量,单位量减少,总量也减少,所以这里面作者隐含的前提即为数量,也就是驾驶的里程数量问题不会使得污染和花费的总量提高.
带着这个思路来逐一分析选项
A.由汽油转化成植物性燃料后,没有其他的相关费用的提高.
无关选项,原文讨论的是在燃料的花费和污染,和其它的花费无关.
B.用了植物燃料的汽车就不能再用汽油了.
很明显,无关选项.
C.汽车对环境的污染几乎全部是由燃料的生产和燃烧造成的.
无关选项.
D.使用植物能源带来的优势,不会使得用植物能源的司机开更多的里程数.
这个选项的意思就是,司机驾驶的里程没有变多,所以正是原文推理隐含的假设.
E.大多数司机会使用植物性燃料.
无关选项.
总结一下,在做逻辑题的时候关注,原因和结论的变化,如果原因给出的是单位量,结论给出的总量,大多情况下隐含的假设就是和数量有关系!
给大家留一个思考题:
Excluding purchases by businesses, the average amount spent on a factory-new car has risen 30 percent in the last five years. In the average household budget, the proportion spent on car purchases has remained unchanged in that period. Therefore the average household budget must have increased by 30 percent over the last five years.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument relies？
A.The average number of factory-new cars purchased per household has remained unchanged over the last five years. B.The average amount spent per car by businesses buying factory-newcars has risen 30 percent in the last five years.
C.The proportion of the average household budget spent on allcar-related expenses has remained unchanged over the last five years.
D.The proportion of the average household budget spent on food and housing has remained unchanged over the last five years.
E.The total amount spent nationwide on factory-new cars has increasedby 30 percent over the last five years.
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