北木教育 > 出国考试 > 出国考试文章 > SAT备考丨老师说,书上每个标点符号都是重点
发布时间:2019-05-13 北京天道教育
SAT君们都了解,语法考试中标点符号占基础语法的比重是比较大的,Shaina老师统计过这三年的真题,发现每套真题中标点符号题至少是4个,多的是6个甚至以上。
这是什么概念呢?语法考试题目总共44个,基础语法和语境类题目分别各占一半左右,我们就算22题。构成这22个题目的考点就有10个之多,那么标点符号的这4到6个题的比例大家此时应该一目了然了。
逗号是标点的重心,把握好逗号能保证大部分标点符号题的得分。逗号的把握要从哪几个方面着手呢,Shaina老师一一给大家呈现:
逗号与并且连词同时使用,分隔两个独立句
例句
The public seems eager for some kind of gun control legislation , but the congress is obviously too timid to enact any truly effective measures.
这个规则需要把握准两点:首先必须是两个独立句的分隔,逗号后面的并列连词不可以省略(不会考大家对并列连词的记忆,只需要关注它是否存在就行,一般是but,and出现)
接下来给大家一个例题:
The lion dance requires the strength, grace, and coordination of two dancers, both of whom are almost completely hidden by the elaborate bamboo and papier-mache costume that they maneuver.
A.NO CHANGE
B.of which both
C.both of them
D.both
这题是出自OG8第12题,表面考察逗号分隔非限的用法,但却心机地隐含了逗号分隔独立句与并列连词不可分开的的用法。
大家看到选项C和D,这两个选项放在逗号后面的句子中都没问题,句子都变成了两个完整的句子,符合语法要求。
然鹅,各位再看看这个逗号,它是单独存在的,若后面变成独立句,瞬间变成逗号单独在此分隔两个独立句了。
因此正确答案为A选项。这题是套路很深的一个题目,但力证了逗号用法的复杂。
逗号分隔句子中的插入语
这里应该补充的是,分隔插入语时,必须是双逗号。而什么是插入语则是我们要明白的重点所在,插入语的范畴很大,但在语法考试中,最常见的只有三种:非限,同位语,还有状语。
逗号分隔非限:
The two “little brothers ”of Ligia’s host family, who had volunteered to move, to those bedrooms for a year, had to be moved upstairs to the room Ligia was using.
A.NO CHANGE
B.volunteered to move to those bedrooms for a year
C.volunteered to move to those bedrooms for a year,
D.volunteered, to move to those bedrooms for a year,
该题正确选择为A选项,“who had volunteered to move, to those bedrooms for a year”为句子中的非限插入语形式。
逗号分隔同位语:
Bill Williams , Glory Foods’president and founder, explains the unusual slogan by admitting that he knows that his foods can’t beat the taste of real home cooking, they do come very close.
A.NO CHANGE
B.Bill Williams , Glory Foods’president ,and founder
C.Bill Williams Glory Foods’president and founder,
D.Bill Williams ,Glory Foods’president and founder
该题选择A 选项,考察同位语 ”Glory Foods’president and founder”的识别
逗号分隔状语等其他插入语情况:
例句
People's mental health, according to a scientific study, is as important as their physical health.
Some students, however, are more concerned about the test scores.
Pinball machines, in fact, are essentially all the same.
说了这么多,核心来了,插入语的识别方法是什么?答案很简单,把可能成为插入语的句子成分从整个句子中移除,如果剩余句子成分能够构成一个完整的独立句,移除的部分即为插入语。
逗号必考法则三
逗号分隔句子中三个或者三个以上并列成分
逗号分隔句子中三个或者三个以上并列成分,包含并列成分最后两个。
例句
My favorite uses of the Internet are sending e-mail, surfing the Web, and using chat rooms.
大家注意标红部分第二处,最后两个并列成分是有and存在的,and不可缺失
其他考察法则
……
其他逗号考察的法则有:逗号分隔句子中的引言,逗号单独使用分隔独立句等,因其用法相对简单,在此不多赘述。
值得提示的是,标点符号题往往会出现多个标点用法的混合考察或者出现某个标点用法的特殊情况,各位在备考时务必要夯实基础并在此之上进行各标点的用法的横向对比分析,对特殊用法进行及时归纳和笔记,以此确保标点题目的满分。