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英语学习系列——我如何写作(4)

# 写作 # 应试技巧 # 素材范文

发布时间:2019-04-17 苏州朗阁

伯特兰·罗素(Bertrand Russell,1872—1970),英国哲学家、数理逻辑学家、历史学家,却是诺贝尔文学奖获得者。其他的不论,在这里想和大家分享他的一篇文章《我如何写作》,来谈谈英文写作的方法。英语学习无非听说读写,这个“写”绕不过去,困扰了不少人。罗素的方法或许不是最好的,却道出了不少写作的真谛。由于文章较长,我们用连载的方式讲解。

The most curious example of this process, and the one which led me subsequently to rely upon it, occurred at the beginning of 1914. I had undertaken to give the Lowell Lectures at Boston, and had chosen as my subject "Our Knowledge ofthe External World". Throughout 1913 I thought about this topic. In term time in my rooms at Cambridge, in vacations in a quiet inn on the upper reaches of the Thames, I concentrated with such intensity that I sometimes forgot to breath and emerged panting as from a trance. But all to no avail. To every theory that I could think of I could perceive fatal objections. At last, in despair, I went off to Rome for Christmas, hoping that a holiday would revive my flagging energy. I got back to 'Cambridge on the last day of 1913, and although my difficulties were still completely unresolved I arranged, because the remaining time was short, to dictate as best as I could to a stenographer.Next morning, as she came in at the door, I suddenly saw exactly what I had to say, and proceeded to dictate the whole book without a moment's hesitation.


I do not want to convey an exaggerated impression. The book was very im perfect,and I now think that it contains serious errors. But it was the best that I could have done at that time, and a more leisurely method (within the time at my disposal) would almost certainly have produced something worse. Whatever maybe true of other people, this is the right method for me. Flaubert and Pater, I have found, are best forgotten so far as I am concerned.


在我身上有过一次奇特的经历,发生在1914年,导致我此后对这段经历的依赖。当时我答应给波士顿的罗威尔讲座讲课,题目是“我们对物质世界的认识”。关于这个问题我已经思考了一年有余,包括在剑桥上课期间,在我的办公室,在泰晤士河上度假时的幽静小旅社,有时精神集中到似乎忘了呼吸,甚至引发阵阵不寻常的心跳。但一切都以徒劳告终。每一个所能想到的理论,我都可以察觉到它的致命缺陷。在绝望之时,我前往罗马过圣诞节,希望节日的气氛可以使萎靡的精力恢复过来。我在1913年的最后一天回到剑桥,尽管困难依然没有获得解决,但由于时间紧迫,我只能尽自己所能对速记员做口述。第二天早上,当她进门时,我灵光乍现,突然知道了自己要说什么,于是开始把整本书口述出来,完全没有片刻的犹豫。


这并没有言过其实。事实上,我觉得直到现在,这本书仍有不少严重的错误。但它是当时我所能做到的最称心的论述,若以一种较为从容不迫的方法(在我可支配的时间内)所创造的东西很可能会更遭。不管对其他人可能适用的是什么,对我来说这是正确的写作方法。这时我才发现,就我而言,最好是把福楼拜与佩特抛到九霄云外。


积累的力量无穷,日常的所思所想,最终得到成就。读书何用,用就在这里,一本两本感觉不到,三本四本甚至更多呢?这也是为什么我喜欢买书而不喜欢借书或者读电子书的原因,随时想到,随时查找,随时记录,写作时才会言之有物。一篇好的文章不是一天两天的成果,而是日积月累,把读到的想到的联系起来,甚至把一些读到的东西进一步延伸了解,你会说这是漫无边际的,是的,但正是这个过程让我感到愉悦,感到幸福。这些沉淀所带来的不仅仅是一篇文章,更多的是让生活变得更美。


(未完,待续)

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