什么是Inference questions(推理题)

　　推理题主要考察的是某一句话、某一段落甚至是整个文章的含义。作者的想法并没有在文章中直接说明，需要我们进一步的推断，所以推理问题中经常有” could be interpreted to mean”或” suggests that”这种表达方式。

　　主要有三种考察形式：deduction， speculation， examination。

　　第一种：deduction(推论)

　　这类推理问题主要要求我们推论出缺失的信息。大多数问题的要点是：“If something is said in the passage, what is the logical extension?”这类问题与细节题相似，需要我们依赖文章的信息进行合理的推论。

　　例：

　　According to the passage, Woolf chooses the setting of the bridge because it

　　A) is conducive to a mood of fanciful reflection.

　　B) provides a good view of the procession of the sonsof educated men.

　　C) is within sight of historic episodes to which shealludes.

　　D) is symbolic of the legacy of past and present sonsof educated men.

　　与此题相关的原文信息是：

　　Close at hand is a bridge over the River Thames, anadmirable vantage ground for us to make a survey. The river flows beneath;barges pass, laden with timber, bursting with corn; there on one side are thedomes and spires of the city; on the other, Westminster and the Houses ofParliament. It is a place to stand on by the hour, dreaming. But not now. Nowwe are pressed for time. Now we are here to consider facts; now we must fix oureyes upon the procession — the procession of the sons of educated men.

　　解析：答案为B。由文章中，我们可以推断，通常情况下，我们会在桥梁上进行梦想的反思，但是现在我们需要考虑一些其他的事情。把精力放在受教育的儿子身上。

　　提问方式有：

　　Based on the passage, the authors’ statement “If apair consisted of two piccolos, for example, there would not be room for it”(lines 29-30) implies that a pair

　　The narrator implies that Ms. Boulanger favors a formof education that emphasizes

　　In Passage 1, Bach contends that breaking the laws ofcounterpoint has which consequence?

　　第二种：Speculation(推测)

　　这类考察形式主要是推测所陈述事实的含义、描述文章的含义。与功能题有一定的相似之处。

　　提问方式有：

　　It can reasonably be inferred that “the strong-minded” (line 32) was a termgenerally intended to

　　In line 42, the authors state that a certainhypothesis “can best be tested by a trial.” Based on the passage, which of thefollowing is a hypothesis the authors suggest be tested in a trial?

　　The phrase “liquid gold” (line 71) most directlysuggests that

　　What does the author suggest about the transgenicstudies done in the1980s and 1990s?

　　第三种：Examination(询问)

　　这类题型经常会问到关于作者或者文中提到的某人的思想、感受和动机。问题类型大致可总结为：“What would [this person] think about [that thing]?”这类问题通常要求我们从作者/叙述者/文中其他人物的角度思考。

　　提问方式有：

　　The “social psychologists” mentioned in paragraph 2(lines 17-34) would likely describe the “deadweight loss” phenomenon as

　　The passage indicates that when the narrator began workingfor Edward Crimsworth, he viewed Crimsworth as a

　　It can be inferred that the authors of Passage 1believe that running a household and raising children

　　It can most reasonably be inferred from Passage 2 that Paine views historical precedents as

　　Beecher would most likely have reacted to lines 65-68(“Now . . . woman”) of Passage 2 with